Leadership terms and phrases in Luchazi language

General leadership terms in Luchazi

In Luchazi society, there are traditionally three levels of leadership. The hierarchy of traditional authority begins at the level of the core family which is headed by the father or mother, then lineage or stem family which is headed by lineage elder and the clan which is headed by a chief or clan leader. Here is a list of common terms and phrases in Luchazi language and their meanings in English:

1. Ntuamalutue = leader.
2. Vantuamalutue (plural) = leaders.
3. Ntuamena = leader.
4. Vantuamena (plural) = leaders.
5. Ntuame = leader.
6. Vantuame (plural) = leaders.
7. Ntuama = leader.
8. Vantuama (plural) = leaders.
9. Vuntuamalutue = leadership.
10. Vuntuame = leadership.
11. Vuntuama = leadership.
12. Tuamena = lead the way.
13. Ku tuamena = to lead the way.
14. Ku tuamenena mbunga = to lead the group.
15. Ntuamalute ua mangana = wise leader.
16. Mukua ku tuamenena vupange = administrator.
17. Vakua ku tuamenena vupange = administrators.
18. Mukua ku endesa vupange = director.
19. Vakua ku endesa vupange = directors.
20. Mukuluntu ua vupange = Chief executive officer (CEO)
21. Vakuluntu va vupange = Chief executive officers (CEOs).
22. Mukuluntu ua Civunga = Chief executive officer; head of a group or company.
23. Mukua Citumamo = chairperson; chairman; chairwoman.
24. Vakua Vitumamo = chairpersons; chairmen; chairwomen.
25. Ntsalanima = follower.
26. Mukua ku kava = follower; subordinate.
27. Vakua ku kava (plural) = followers; subordinates.
28. Mukua ku tambuluisa = imitator; follower.
29. Vakua ku tambuluisa (plural) = imitators; followers.
30. Muangana = royal ruler.
31. Vamiangana = royal rulers.
32. Muata = noble person.
33. Vamiata = nobles.
34. Mukua ku tala vakuavo = overseer; foreman.
35. Vakua ku tala vakuavo = overseers; foremen.
36. Kapatasi = supervisor.
37. Tupatasi (plural) = supervisors.
38. Kapitau = captain; overseer.
39. Tupitau (plural) = captains; overseers.
40. Saciteta = a person who has absolute or total authority; a person who has authority over life and death.
41. Mpoko = authority.
42. Muintsi ya mpoko ya = under the authority of.
43. Lisesa = permission; leave.
44. Kasingimiko = respect.
45. Singimika = respect.
46. Kavumbi = grace.
47. Vulamba = majesty.
48. Vungami =dignified; greatness.
49. Vumpahu = great honor and admiration won by doing something important or valuable; fame; renown; glory.
50. Cisika = rule; decree; directive; instruction; order.
51. Cinkika = instruction; command.
52. Cinkikile (past indefinite tense) = instructed; charged; commanded.
53. Ndzumbu = order.
54. Citume = role; responsibility; office.
55. Kapandi = duty; responsibility.
56. Cimona = vision; visionary.
57. Ndzozi = vision; dream.
58. Cilota-zindzozi = dreamer; visioner.
59. Kapolua = purpose.
60. Kana = plan; purpose.
61. Ku kana = to plan; to have a purpose.
62. Ku likanuuela = to plan; to have a purpose.
63. Kundika = commitment.
64. Tsita = focus; fix.
65. Tsita meso = fix or focus eyes on something.
66. Linga = do; act.
67. Cilinga = action; deed; act.
68. Vilinga (plural) = acts; actions; deeds.
69. Cilingo = process; action; deed; act.
70. Vilingo = processes; actions; deeds; acts.
71. Vutongue = mastery; immaculate; proficiency; neat; pristine.
72. Nkuakua = route; course; way; route or direction followed.
73. Vunjila = course; route or direction of travel; the projected path of travel.
74. Vunjila vua cilinga = course of action.
75. Ku-haka ku vukama = promote; promotion.
76. Vukama = state of being important.
77. Va li ku vukama = there are in high positions.
78. Mukua vukama = important person.
79. Vakua vukama (plural) = important people.
80. Mukua vukama na zindzili = an important and powerful person.
81. Vakua vukama na zindzili (plural) = the important and powerful people.
82. Mukua lutsimo = renowned person.
83. Vakua lutsimo (plural) = renowned persons.
84. Ngami = a great person; a dignified person; a mighty person; a guarantor of peace.
85. Vangami (plural) = dignified people; great people; mighty people.
86. Vantu va ngoco = common people.

Luchazi proverb: Ha kacana ka likenuke; u ku likenuka, u ku salaho (On the "little looking back plain," if you keep looking back, you will remain behind).

Vulanguluisi: "Ku likenuka" cikeco ku tala ku nima na luiso cipue na vuoma kaha nga u tala-tala u ku hasa ku sala ku nima.

Ku Hetesa: Mu ku pasuka ku luholo mu nkala cipanga, ca tu pande ku tala ku lutue ku vize vi na tu kambela kati ku nima ku vize vi tu na seza.

Personal and cognitive qualities of a leader in Luchazi

1. Ku-litantekeya ove ivene (Self-knowledge): ntuame na pande ku litantakeya ivene. Muntu ua kala na vundambo vueni kaha kukekuo ua kala na ngolo mu hiana. Vunoni vantu vose va kala naua haze ha va na zela omo lia vuana vuavo.
2. Ciyongola ca via ku lutue (Clear vision): ntuame na pande ku pua na ciyongola ca ku lutue. Na pande ku kala na mana mu ku tumba vutumbe linga kati a honoua. Na pande ku kala na vize vi a na tsita meso mu ku kava na ku panga (The ability to see the "big picture" and articulate an inspiring future state).
3. Handekesi (communication): ntuame na pande ku kala na handekesi ya ku kokola vantu kaha na ku halakana (A leader must have the ability to communicate, persuade, and listen).
4. Cizango ca ku pasuka ha luholo (Motivation): ntuame na pande ku kala na cizango ca ku pasuka ha luholo na vize vi li na ku mu sindika mu ku panga vize vi li mutima ueni.
5. Ku-simpa (courage): ntuame na pande ku pua mukua ku lisimpitika. Uze na simpitika ikeye a ka hasa ku mana omo mbunga i lengeya vize vi a viana. (A leader must be of good courage).
6. Vuoloke na vusunga (Integrity and Honesty): vilinga va vuoloke na vusanga vikevio via pua luvula lua lutsilielo. Ntuama na pande ku pua mukua tantuluka uze na hangula mpundu ku panga (integrity and honesty acts as the foundation of trust. Leaders must align their actions with their words and uphold ethical standards even when it is difficult).
7. Ku-hangula na ku simpa: (Decisiveness): ntuame na pande ku pua mukua ku hangula vuasi, kaha nga ka a hanguile na ku simpa a ka hasa ku zimbalesa via vingi. Ntuame uze na hangula mpundu ku panga vimo kaha kesi na mitima ivali ka li ka likela cipue viuma via vikalu vi na mu uila (Making firm, informed choices even with limited information. Decisive leaders take responsibility for the outcomes of their decisions.)
8. Visinganieka via cili via ku lutue (Strategic Thinking): ntuame na pande ku-yongola via ku lutue na ku likanuuela mu mutima. Na pande ku kala na mana mu ku tumba vutumbe vua vipanga linga kati viuma via cili vi mu hite. Kati a kale na vulenda nga a li na ku singanieka vutumbe vua kama (Anticipating trends and future challenges. This involves long-term planning and the ability to pivot when circumstances change).
9. Ku haka muono mu vusonde (Risk taking) ntuame na pande ku haka muono ueni mu vusonde omo a li na ku panga via seho. Viuma via seho via kala na ndando kaha ku hasa ku kala vusonde mu ku vi nganiala (A leader must be ready to something that involves danger risk in order to achieve a goal).
10. Ciningi ca cifua ca mpoko na ngolo (understanding the nature of power and authority): ntuame na pande ku kala na ciningi na ku tantekeya cifua ca mpoko na ngolo ize ya li nayo: mpoko na ngolo ya cisemua, mpoko na ngolo ya vupange (A leader must understand the nature of his authority and power: traditional authority and power, power and authority derived from his employment or service).

Luchazi proverb: Ku kala, ku litsiliela; mbunda ya tsiliela (To be, you must have faith in yourself; the waist trusts).

Vulanguluisi: Ngue mbunda i na tsiliela ngecize ka i kevua ku tseka vutuhu i li ha kati ka mitambela ya ku lema ya muvila mukemo naua muntu na pande ku tsiliela ngecize a kua ku kaniama mu ku fuitangana vize via mu pande cipue vize va na mu setekela.

Ku Hetesa: Mu ku hasa vize via vikalu, ca tu pande ku tsiliela ngecize tu ku ci hasa.

Power and authority terms in Luchazi

1. Ngolo na mpoko ya cisemua (Traditional power and authority): ngolo na mpoko ya ku fumba ya ku fuma ku cisemua (power and authority derived from traditions).
2. Ngolo na mpoko ya vupange (Legitimate power and authority): ngolo na mpoko ya ku fuma ku muhela (Power and authority derived from a formal position or title).
3. Mpoko na ngolo ya vuviuke (Referent power and authority): (ngolo na mpoko ya ku fuma ku vuviuke na Kasingimiko (Power and authority derived from being liked, admired, or respected).
4. Ngolo na mpoko ya vuino na vutongue (Expert power na authority): ngolo na mpoko ya ku fuma ku vuino vua vipanga an vutongue (Power and authority derived from specialized knowledge or skill).
5. Ngolo na mpoko ya fumba (Coercive power and authority): mpoko ya ku fuma ku ngolo ya fumba vaze va li muintsi ya mpoko (Power and authority derived from the ability to punish or impose sanctions).
6. Ngolo na mpoko ya ku hana vilunguiso (Reward power and authority): mpoko na ngolo ya ku fuma ku ku hana vilunguiso (Power and authority derived from the ability to provide rewards).
7. Konda ya vantu va li muintsi ya mpoko (Span of control): Ntando ya vakua ku kava va li mu livoko lia ntuame (The number of subordinates a leader directly manages).
8. Mpoko ya ku fungila (Delegated authority): mpoko i va na fungila mukua ku kava ling a hangula muze mu va na mu setekela (Authority granted to an individual to make decisions within specified limits).

Ngolo na mpoko via liseza. Ngolo va hasa ku i pangesa mu zinjila zitatu (Power can be exerted in three ways):

1. Ku hitila mu zinjila zia ku kokola na zika-zika (through coercive methods). Ezi zinjila zie ku pangesa vuoma na vutenu, ku fumba, ku pakesa na tuyando. Cipue ngoco, zinjila ezi va zi zinda kuli vaze va na lilongesa na vaze ka vesi ku ndzimba (These methods includes the use of power that is dependent on fear, suppression of free will, use of punishment and threats for its existence. However, influence attempts based on coercive and utilitarian power are resented by people who are educated and well informed).
2. Ku pangesa vilunguiso (by employing reward-sanction systems). Ku ononuesa na ndzili cipue vilunguiso. Vilunguiso vi ku hasa ku pua ku-haka ku vukama, ku hana viseteko via cili ngue ku vipanga viavo, ku vueza fueto. (Obedience can be obtained by force or through rewards. Rewards can include promotions, positive appraisals, salary increments etc.)
3. Ku kokola na ku tetela ku hitila mu vuviuke. Muntu ua lembu uze a li na kasingimiko, vuviuke na lutsilielo vi hasa ku himpula vantu (by persuasively appealing to prestige, esteem etc. A charismatic person influences others via admiration, respect and trust others have for him).

The principles of leadership in Luchazi

1. Ntuamalute na pande ku pua mukua ku takama na ku tantuluka mu vilinga vieni; na pande ku kala na mutima ua ku manesa vize vi va na mu hana mu ku fuitangana linga a pasuka ha luholo (A leader must be a person of strong character, committed to accomplishment of tasks).
2. Ntuamalute na pande ku tantekeya viuma vize via kala mu vuntuama: na pande ku tantekeya ku muntu ku muntu vaze va a li na ku tuamenena, ku tantekeya cifua ca cipanga (a leader must know the factors of leadership: know his subordinates, nature of the job, the standards required and how they affect each other).
3. Ntuamalute na pande ku kala na kapolua na ku pangela nkuakua na vunjila vua vipanga linga vaze vakua ku mu kava linga va tantekeya kuze ku va li na kuya (A leader must provide purpose, direction and motivation to succeed).
4. Ntuamalute na pande ku tantekeya cipanga ceni na ku solola vutongue veni. Nga ntuame kesi na vutongue vua vipanga vieni a ka li kokela ntsoni hali vakua ku mu kava veni (A leader must know his job and demonstrate his competence. Knowledge of one's job and the task one's is required to carry out. A leader must know more than the people he leads).
5. Ntuamalute na pande ku-litantekeya ikeye ivene na ku nongonona zindzili na vuzeye vueni, kaha na ku lengeya ku lilongesa ntsimbu yose linga a li tuale ku lutue. Na pande ku tantekeya zindzili na vuzeye vueni linga a likolese muze a li na vuzeye. Ndzili ikeyo ye ku nehesa vilunguiso mu ku hiana vuzeye. (A leader must know himself and determine his strength and weakness).
6. Ku kuata vuasi vipanga (learning agility): Ntuamalute na pande ku zangula mu ku kuata vipanga vueni linga kati a li kokele ntsoni. Lilongese ku vikomoueso na vitanga vize via ku uila linga kati u ka hitemo naua (A continuous "growth mindset" and the curiosity to keep learning).
7. Ntuamalute na pande ku niunga vakua ku mu kava veni mua cili mu vuyoye vuavo na ku tsita mutima ueni ha viuma vize vi na va pande. Na pande ku tsita mutima ha muku na vize vi na va pande (A leader must look out for the welfare and living conditions of the members of his group). Focus on aspirations and needs of the followers).
8. Ntuamalute na pande ku zimbula vakua ku mu kava veni viuma vose vi li na lingika ku masiko aze a na va pande, vilika, fueto yavo na vilunguiso vieka na vieka (A leader must keep his subordinates informed of all the happenings concerning: legislations, regulations, their pay and other benefits).
9. Ntuamalute na pande ku pua cimueso ca vipanga via ku viuka ku vantu veni (A leader must be a good example to his subordinates).
10. Ntuamalute na pande ku lumbununa mua cili cili vipanga vize vakua ku kava va na pande ku linga. (A leader must explain clearly and ensure the task is understood).
11. Ntuamalute na pande ku longesa vakua ku kava veni ku panga hamo lika (A leader must train his subordinates to work as a team).
12. Ntuamalute na pande ku hangula vi a hianga ku linga vuasi kati a tokeho ha mankano. (A leader make sound and timely decisions).
13. Ntuamalute na pande ku lekesa vakua ku mu kava kapandi kavo (A leader must tell his subordinates their responsibility).
14. Mu ntsimbu kanda va sangumuka cipanga cimosi, ntuamalute na pande ku hilula mua cili na ku seteka mpundu nga va li na via ku puisamo mu ku ci manesa (A leader must employ his subordinates in work they are able to accomplish).
15. Ntuamalute na pande ku lengeya vitumamo via vuntuama vieka vize vi hasa ku mu zundula na ku mu hia cimueso (A leader must seek different leadership positions that will give him experience).

Luchazi proverb: Ndando, meso; mulonga, matuitui; ci li meso ka ce ku onga (Price, use the eyes; a lawsuit, use the ears; that which is before the eyes cannot deceive.)

Vulanguluisi: Lilongese ku hilula viuma kaha lilongese mua ku pangesa meso hamo na matuitui muomu viose vivali vi li na via vingi via ku ku longesa.

Ku Hetesa: Tungisa vuana vuove vua ku nongonona viuma na meso hamo na matuitui.

Personal attributes for effective leadership in Luchazi

1. Ku-lunguka (Alertness): lunguka na ku tala-tala linga u uane viuma vize via cili. Ntuama ua lunguka ca pua ca cikalu ku mu onga, kaha ue ku solola viose via ku henga na ku vi tsiha mu ntsimbu kanda vi pihisa via vengi. Zangama mu tala vilinga via vakua ku kava kati u tale lika ku vihandeka (alertness of mind helps a leader to pick opportunities at the right time and exploit the situation to his advantage).
2. Vuoloke (Integrity): Vuoloke vua pua ngue vuana vua mpuevo, nga muanampuevo na vu zimbalesa kaha vua zimbala vene. Vantuama vamosi va handeka ntsimbu yose nguavo va ka panga vigandi vunoni ka ve ku puisamo muze mu va handeka. Ku handeka na ku linga vi na liseza mua kama. Viuma vi na pande ku li likava cipue ku litombola linga vi viuke. Nga viuma ka via litombuele kaha ka vi ka viuka. Viuma ka vie ku soloka omo tu na handeka lika vunoni ca tu pande ku fuitangana linga tu puisamo. Muntu a handeka via vingi vintsa ka vi ka hasa ku puisamo. (Integrity is like virginity and once lost, it cannot be recovered. Leaders must align their actions with their words and uphold ethical standards even when it is difficult).
3.  Ku-konkoma (Humility): ntuame na pande ku likehesa na ku tantekeya ngecize ka kuesi muntu ua tantekeya viuma viose; kaha ci li ku lutue ku halakana na lunongotima ku vose vaze va seteka ku ku nangula. Ntuame ua ku konkama ue ku litavela nga vipanga vi na henga, na ku sangaziala vakua ku kava veni. (Acknowledging that one does not have all the answers. Humble leaders admit mistakes, seek feedback, and give credit to their teams rather than seeking the spotlight.)
4. Lukakatela hamo ntsintsa (Endurance): ntuamalute na pande ku kala na lukakatela na ntsintsa. Lukakatela hamo ntsintsa vi hasa ku nehesa vilunguiso na vezikiso (Have the mental and physical stamina to withstand pain, fatigue, stress and hardship).
5. Ku-simpa (Courage): ntuamalute na pande ku-lisimpitika. Vantuamalutue vamosi va li na vuoma nguavo va ka tsa vunoni ku-tsa ka ce ku heta. Nga va panga na vusunga kaha va ka liohiela ku vitanga via kama (A leader must be of good courage and ready to take risks and standing for what is right in the face of popular condemnation).
6. Ku zika mutima (determination).
7. Vucili vua ha mbandza hamo na via muntima (bearing): ntuamalute na pande ku zala vuzalo vua cili na ku lipokuesa. Ku zala ceni kati ci linge ku liviukisa ca ha mbandza vunoni ci pue ca vuntu ua mutima na vuzalo vuze vua cimbembesi ca ku konkama. Na pande ku solola via muntima kati via ha mbandza lika (A desirable physical appearance in dress. Your appearance and manner must depict competence and confidence).
8. Ku linga mua cili neci ca cindende (Initiative): Ntuamalute na pande ku pua mukua ku linga mua cili neci ca cindendendende. Uze ue ku panga mua cili na vize vi li na seho ya indende a ka hasa ku panga na vize vi li na seho ya kama (A leader must be to deal with a situation in the absence of normal means or methods).
9. Ku himpula visinganieka na vilinga (Influence): ntuame na pande ku kokola na ku himpula visinganieka na vilinga via vantu (A leader must be able to persuade and inspire others through trust and authentic connection rather than through title or coercion).

Luchazi proverb: Yove ua koka luntui; ngecize na mativa a ci ka suameka (You have pulled up the vine so the mativa [type of squash] will be burned.)

Vulanguluisi: Nga u koka cipue u tukula luntui; vusuka vuze vua kala ha luntui vu koma na ku nonga. Nga u nongesa vuputukilo u ka nongesa naua vumanusuilo.

Ku Hetesa: Mu ntsimbu kanda u panga vimosi, yongola mua cili na ku singanieka viose vize vi hasa ku soloka ku vize vi u ka panga.

Interpersonal and Team Skills for effective leadership in Luchazi

1. Handekesi ya ku puamo (effective Communication).
2. Handekisi (manner of speaking): , ntuame na pande ku handeka na ku langulula linga viose via a handeka vi hasa ku soka na ku ima mihako. kati a lizenge zenge mu handeka. Na pande ku liniunga na ku kala na mangana mu a handeka: neyi a handeka, kaha kulihi a handekela. Ntuama na pande ku handeka via ku puisamo; kaha a ka liniunge cikuma mu ku licokota na vakua ku kava veni ku tina a komisa mitima yavo na ku tsiha vize vi a lengeya ku lutue (Speak plainly and clearly. Make your sentences short, simple, positive and direct. Avoid sarcasm. A leader should be dignified. Dignity requires the control of one's actions and emotions).
3. Ku tetela hamo na cikeketima (Empathy and Compassion): ntuamalute na pande ku livandeka na ku muesa ngozi kuli mukua ku kava muomu hamosi nambata citeli ca lema mu mutima. Nga u vuila umosi ciketetima cili ku lutue ku mu hia vize vi ka mu kuasa mu ku zela ceni (Understanding the emotional needs of the subordinates and taking action to support them. Compassionate leadership is linked to higher employee retention and engagement).
4. Mpoko ya ku tuamenena vipanga (Delegation and Empowerment):  Ntuamalute na pande ku tsiliela vakua ku kava na ku va fungila mpoko ya ku tuamenena vipanga vize vi a na va setekela; ntsimbu Kanda a va hana mpoko ya ku tuamenena, na pande ku yongola mua cili na ku singanieka viose vize vi hasa ku soloka ku vize vi va panga. Ntuame uze na tantekeya vimosi via mangana na pande ku longesa naua vakua ku kava linga tangua va ka sintsila mu muhela ueni. (Trusting subordinates with authority and autonomy. Effective delegation involves matching tasks to individual strengths to foster growth).
5. Ku halakana (Listening). Vantuamalutue va na pande ku halakana vize vi va handeka vakua ku kava kaha na ku seteka na mana ku hilula na ku vi nongonona (Leaders listen to all ideas and take the time to explain why a new idea can or cannot be adopted).
6. Ntuamalute na pande ku seteka ntsimbu yose ku likuasa na vaze va na mu zingilika. Na pande ku kala na cilika ca ku kuasa vakua ku kava neni tangua a ka vezika ku vukuse. (Always be ready to help in an emergency).
7. Ku-sompa (Judgment): Ntuamalute na pande ku livandeka mu sompesa na mu ku teta lizi. Kati u sompe vuasi mu ku hilula vize lika vi u tantekeya ha katete, vunoni livandeke, konka linga u uane vusunga na sompa mua cili. Kati u zangule mu ku sompesa na mu ku hisa. Livandeke noho u na hilula na ku nongonona mpundu vusunga (Enhance your judgement by be technical qualified as possible and always logically weighing facts and possible solution on which to base sound decision).
8. Kasingimiko (Respect). Mu viose,  Ntuame na pande ku singimika vakua ku kava veni vaze va li na ku mu pangele linga a hete haze ha a li na ku endela. Omo u muesa kasingimiko ku vakua ku ku kava vove u ka vezika kasingimiko ka kama ku fuma kuli vakevo. Sangaziala ku meso a vantu kaha payesa mu vusueke (In all situations, treat all human beings with respect and dignity. Praise in public and criticize in private.) 
9. Ku litavela hamo na kapandi (Accountability or acceptance of responsibility): ntuamalute na pande ku-litavela ntsimbu yose vipanga vi na vi pihia ni ka viendele mua cili. Nga vipanga vimosi vi na pihia, ca cili ntuame a litavela ngueni iya ua i pangesele omo ya pihile. Kati a li hole malambi na ku uisila vakua ku kava vunoni a sungamesa vize vi na henga (Leaders are accountable for their actions and for the actions of their subordinates).
10. Ku hangula vuasi ca mangana (Decisiveness): ntuamalute ka a pandele ku langesa mu ku fuitangana vipanga vieni, na pande ku hangula vuasi (a leader must be able to make decisions promptly when required and announce them concisely and clearly).
11. Vuviuke (Justice): ntuame uze ua vuviuke a ku hasa ku himpuka vuvando vua vaze ka vesi na mpoko. Vuviuke vukevuo vi himpuisa vaze ka vesi na mpoko linga va hiane seho na ku pua vantu va kama. Na pande ku handekesa uze a li na mulonga muomu na pihisa kati a handekese uze kesi na mulonga. Na pande ku hangula mua cili, kati a tave ciketetima ci suane helu lia mana (A leader must be impartial and consistent in exercising command. His decisions are a test of his fairness).
12. Ku-tsila mutima (Loyalty).
13. Vucili (Sincerity): ntuame na pande ku pua mukua vusunga; kati a pue cilembekesi (A leader must be sincere, not a hypocrite).
14. Ntsimpi cipue ku sungamesa na ciyulo (Tact): Nga mukua ku kava na hengesa ntuame na pande ku mu sungamesa na ciyulo na mangana. Mu ku handekela vakua ku kava handeka via ku puisamo kati u handekela na vutenu ngoco u ka pihisa naua na ku tsiha vize vi u lengeya ku lutue. Kati u va payesa mua kama.
15. Ku zola-zola (Sense of humour): ntuamalute na pande ku lilongese ku zola-zola na vakua ku kava ku zintsimbu zia vitanga na ku zintsimbu zia ku vezika kaha tangua omo via vikalu vi soloka a ka hasa ku zola. Na pande ku lilongese  visimo na vikuizi kaha na ku kala na mutima ua ndzolela ku viose (Sense of humour relieves strain and enables people to relax and see things in a slightly different or fresh light. Effective leaders can can tell a joke, take a joke or tell a good story. Know the art of telling parables).

Luchazi proverb: Ntsala ya kahua, ku tunga u na tungu; ku lelema cahi (You have made an imitation of the crest of the "Kahua" owl, but it is not attractive or well made).

Vulanguluisi: Ntsala ya kahua, ikeye cifua cimo ca cindende ca cinkungulu, ua kala na mangona ku mutue. Kanike ua setekele ku songa cifua ca kahua vunoni ka ca tantulukile. Hamosi tu seteka ku tambuluisa muntu mukuavo vunoni vize vi tu fuitangana ka vi tantuluka ngue uze i tu na seteka ku tambuluisa.

Ku Hetesa: Hamosi vipanga viove ka via tantulukile ngue uze ua kala na vutongue cipue vumesene.

The principles for effective discipline in Luchazi language

1. Ntsimbu kanda u hana kasitiku, ca cili ku nongonona ku-sevuka na mulonga vuaco = (Diagnose before you prescribe). Kati u sompe vuasi mu ku hilula vize lika vi u tantekeya ha katete, vunoni livandeke, hinda kavundende kavundende linga u uane vusunga na sompa mua cili. 
2. Hana kasitiku vuasi vuasi kuli uze a li na mulonga na ku mu languluila mulonga vueni. Kati u mu kuata ha muvila na ku mu veta; kati u mu sahula va vuntu veni; kati u pangesa vihandeka via nstoni; kati u mu fumba, cipue ku mu sungamesa ku meso a vantu; kaha fumba uze a li na mulonga kati u fumba mbunga yose ize ka yesi na mulonga (Punishment should immediately follow the offence with an explanation of exactly why the subordinate is being punished so that the offender can relate the offence to the punishment. Physical punishment should never be used and never attack the person's self-image when punishing wrong behaviour. Offensive language should not be used. Never punish, scold or correct anyone on the spot or in front of others and never punish the whole group if the punishment is intended for one or two only).
3. Kasitiku ka na pande ku pua kamo lika ngue ku milonga (Punishment should be consistent). Soneka milonga na tusitiku tuayo. Mulonga umo lika u na pande ku likava cipue ku litombola na kasitiku ntsimbu yose (Write down offences and their respective types of punishment. The same offence should always attract the same punishment.)
4. Longesa ku-ononoka na ku singimika uze a li na mpoko (Teach obedience and respect for authority). Fumba vose vaze va muesa kasino kuli ove (Deliberate defiance of your authority as a leader must always be punished).
5. Kuata via ku mutima na ku pangesa mangana ngue a linoka (Control your emotions and use the serpent's wisdom when dealing with issues). Kati u hana kasitiku na vutenu cipue ku fumba ku meso a vantu. Tantekeya ngecize, linoka ua kumba muluzi ntsimbu kanda a sume muntu (Punishment given under the influence of anger or in public are always wrong and can only do more harm).
6. Ku-hana vilunguiso (Reward good behaviour). Ntsimbu yose vakua ku panga ve ku lengeya vilunguiso cipue mizimbu.
7. Ku-ecela (Forgiveness). Ecelele nga mukua ku panga na litavela na ku vundila ku mu ecela ku mulonga.
8. Mona vize vi ve ku mona kaha ivua vize vi ve Kuiva (See what they see and feel what they feel): Tantekeya mua cili vize vi va li navio mu mitima vize vie ku va nehela vuoma, ku umisa mitima (know their fears, frustrations and disappointments).

Effective steps in dealing with failure in Luchazi

The qualities and status of leadership do not automatically ensure success or guarantee the absence of mistakes. Things can go wrong even if everything is done right. A good leader will not panic in crisis. The following are some of the steps that are effective in dealing with setbacks or failure:

1. Eseka ku uana viuma via cili mu ku honoua cipue mu ku-sevuka cove; mona viuma vize na ceke. Lengeya viuma via cili vize vi li muze mu viuma vi na li mbenje cipue vi na pihia. Tsita mutima uove ha viuma vize u n na pasuluka ha luholo laza, kati u tala vize via ku honoua (Try to find positive aspects in the setbacks or failures, and see things in more positive light; look for something good in what happened. Focus on what has been achieved, rather than on what has not been achieved).
2. Tala ha cisoti cipue ku honoua cove na ku ci lumbununa mua cili. Kaha soneka viose vize vi na li mbenje and ku singanieka zinjila zia ku sungameselamo viuma vize vi na pihia. Ku nima ya ku kunguziola vusunga, lihilula na ku li hula ove ivene, vika vi nji na lilongesa kuli evi vi na soloka? (Look at the setback or failure analytically. Make a list of your mistakes and think of how to improve your way of doing things. After gathering the facts, step back and ask yourself, what did I learn from this?)
3. Tumama ha mavu na ku soneka viuma viose vize u na pande ku sungamesa na ku kana zinjila zia ku sungamesa ku-sevuka cove. Na mu ku manesa ku kana, kaha uanako njla imo ya ku setekesa vilinga mu ku sungamesa ku-sevuka (Write down the things you need to work on and make a plan for addressing your mistakes. Once you come up with a plan, a way of adjusting your expectations and actions, you can begin to address the situation).
4. Litsiliela. Hangununa cifua cove ku honoua ca vipanga vize. Kati u haka ku mutima viuma vize vi u na pihia. Kati u tava vantu veka ku ku uisa ha mavu (Stay confident. Separate the failure from your identity and don't make it personal. Personalizing failure can wreak havoc on your self-esteem and confidence. No matter what others are saying, don't let failure define you. Don't let others influence your own self-worth).
5. Civunga ci li cose ca kala na vakua ku-uisa na makuli cipue vapolofeto va makuli. Ava va kevo vize ka vesi na cizango ca civunga ku mutima uavo. Ku vize u panga vantu va ka uana vukovelelo vua ku ku amba na ku ku payesa. Kati u tave kapayo ku ku umisa mutima. Ntuame na pande ku panga mua cili kaha kati a hana lituitui lieni ku vaze ka vesi na mana; na pande kuivuilila na ku ningika visinganieka via uze a li na ku ku nangula. (Every organisation has its own doomsayers or prophets of doom. These people don't have the interest of the organisation or group at heart. A leader must be able to deal with any form of criticism. You have to know where the feedback is coming from and understand the intentions of the person who is giving it. Understand that person's true motives and look for the grain of truth to it. If the criticism is constructive, then it's intended to guide you and to help you improve as a leader. If the criticism has no basis whatsoever, then the best thing you can do is to ignore it completely.
6. Kuli viuma vi uana ntuame na pande ku solola: ku litsiliela, kapolua, vulanguluisi na kasingimiko kaha a ka hasa ku fumisa vuoma, vuangasis and ku uma ca mitima ha kati ka vakua ku kava. Ntuame na pande ku mana na ku ohiela makua ku kava uze na pihisa ku meso a vakuavo, kaha u ku tsiha lutsilielo lua mukua ku kava. Eci ci vindika vakua ku kava ku tava ku va hana mpoko ya ku tuamenena cipanga. (There are four things that you, as a leader, must inspire in yourself and your subordinates that will stop fear, panic and stress; these are confidence, purpose, meaning, and self-respect. Unless the leader supports the subordinate in front of others, the subordinate will lose confidence. This may prevent others from accepting delegated authority for fear of failure and of criticism.
7. Ntuame ua cili ue ku leka vakua ku kava ngueni ku honoua ca pua cuma ca muono cipue omo u li na vutumbe vua cili hanga viuma vi hasa ku pihia kaha vize vintsa ka ua liviukisele vi hasa ku soloka na ku pihisa vipanga; cipue omo vantu va panga na mana hanga viuma via ku pihia vi hasa ku soloka. Ca pua cuma ca cili ku hana mpoko ya ku tuamenena vupange vunoni ntuame ua cili ue ku tantekeya ngecize ikeye a li na mulonga omo viuma vi na pihia (Effective leaders tell their subordinates that failure is part of life, that failure is to be treated as a learning experience, and that they would stand by the subordinates even if others criticise them. It is worthwhile to delegate where appropriate, but a good leader appreciates that he is ultimately responsible for the failure of the subordinate in the use of delegated authority.) 

To be continued...